Judgment on Moab
Jer 48:1 Concerning Moab: This is what the LORD Almighty, the God of Israel, says: “Woe to Nebo, for it will be ruined. Kiriathaim will be disgraced and captured; the stronghold will be disgraced and shattered.
Jer 48:2 Moab will be praised no more; in Heshbon people will plot her downfall: ‘Come, let us put an end to that nation.’ You, the people of Madmen, will also be silenced; the sword will pursue you.
Jer 48:3 Cries of anguish arise from Horonaim, cries of great havoc and destruction.
Jer 48:4 Moab will be broken; her little ones will cry out.
Jer 48:5 They go up the hill to Luhith, weeping bitterly as they go; on the road down to Horonaim anguished cries over the destruction are heard.
Jer 48:6 Flee! Run for your lives; become like a bush in the desert.
Jer 48:7 Since you trust in your deeds and riches, you too will be taken captive, and Chemosh will go into exile, together with his priests and officials.
Jer 48:8 The destroyer will come against every town, and not a town will escape. The valley will be ruined and the plateau destroyed, because the LORD has spoken.
Jer 48:9 Put salt on Moab, for she will be laid waste; her towns will become desolate, with no one to live in them.
Jer 48:10 “A curse on anyone who is lax in doing the LORD’s work! A curse on anyone who keeps their sword from bloodshed!
Jer 48:11 “Moab has been at rest from youth, like wine left on its dregs, not poured from one jar to another— she has not gone into exile. So she tastes as she did, and her aroma is unchanged.
Jer 48:12 But days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will send men who pour from pitchers, and they will pour her out; they will empty her pitchers and smash her jars.
Jer 48:13 Then Moab will be ashamed of Chemosh, as Israel was ashamed when they trusted in Bethel.
Jer 48:14 “How can you say, ‘We are warriors, men valiant in battle’?
Jer 48:15 Moab will be destroyed and her towns invaded; her finest young men will go down in the slaughter,” declares the King, whose name is the LORD Almighty.
Jer 48:16 “The fall of Moab is at hand; her calamity will come quickly.
Jer 48:17 Mourn for her, all who live around her, all who know her fame; say, ‘How broken is the mighty scepter, how broken the glorious staff!’
Jer 48:18 “Come down from your glory and sit on the parched ground, you inhabitants of Daughter Dibon, for the one who destroys Moab will come up against you and ruin your fortified cities.
Jer 48:19 Stand by the road and watch, you who live in Aroer. Ask the man fleeing and the woman escaping, ask them, ‘What has happened?’
Jer 48:20 Moab is disgraced, for she is shattered. Wail and cry out! Announce by the Arnon that Moab is destroyed.
Jer 48:21 Judgment has come to the plateau— to Holon, Jahzah and Mephaath,
Jer 48:22 to Dibon, Nebo and Beth Diblathaim,
Jer 48:23 to Kiriathaim, Beth Gamul and Beth Meon,
Jer 48:24 to Kerioth and Bozrah— to all the towns of Moab, far and near.
Jer 48:25 Moab’s horn is cut off; her arm is broken,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:26 “Make her drunk, for she has defied the LORD. Let Moab wallow in her vomit; let her be an object of ridicule.
Jer 48:27 Was not Israel the object of your ridicule? Was she caught among thieves, that you shake your head in scorn whenever you speak of her?
Jer 48:28 Abandon your towns and dwell among the rocks, you who live in Moab. Be like a dove that makes its nest at the mouth of a cave.
Jer 48:29 “We have heard of Moab’s pride— how great is her arrogance!— of her insolence, her pride, her conceit and the haughtiness of her heart.
Jer 48:30 I know her insolence but it is futile,” declares the LORD, “and her boasts accomplish nothing.
Jer 48:31 Therefore I wail over Moab, for all Moab I cry out, I moan for the people of Kir Hareseth.
Jer 48:32 I weep for you, as Jazer weeps, you vines of Sibmah. Your branches spread as far as the sea; they reached as far as Jazer. The destroyer has fallen on your ripened fruit and grapes.
Jer 48:33 Joy and gladness are gone from the orchards and fields of Moab. I have stopped the flow of wine from the presses; no one treads them with shouts of joy. Although there are shouts, they are not shouts of joy.
Jer 48:34 “The sound of their cry rises from Heshbon to Elealeh and Jahaz, from Zoar as far as Horonaim and Eglath Shelishiyah, for even the waters of Nimrim are dried up.
Jer 48:35 In Moab I will put an end to those who make offerings on the high places and burn incense to their gods,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:36 “So my heart laments for Moab like the music of a pipe; it laments like a pipe for the people of Kir Hareseth. The wealth they acquired is gone.
Jer 48:37 Every head is shaved and every beard cut off; every hand is slashed and every waist is covered with sackcloth.
Jer 48:38 On all the roofs in Moab and in the public squares there is nothing but mourning, for I have broken Moab like a jar that no one wants,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:39 “How shattered she is! How they wail! How Moab turns her back in shame! Moab has become an object of ridicule, an object of horror to all those around her.”
Jer 48:40 This is what the LORD says: “Look! An eagle is swooping down, spreading its wings over Moab.
Jer 48:41 Kerioth will be captured and the strongholds taken. In that day the hearts of Moab’s warriors will be like the heart of a woman in labor.
Jer 48:42 Moab will be destroyed as a nation because she defied the LORD.
Jer 48:43 Terror and pit and snare await you, you people of Moab,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:44 “Whoever flees from the terror will fall into a pit, whoever climbs out of the pit will be caught in a snare; for I will bring on Moab the year of her punishment,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:45 “In the shadow of Heshbon the fugitives stand helpless, for a fire has gone out from Heshbon, a blaze from the midst of Sihon; it burns the foreheads of Moab, the skulls of the noisy boasters.
Jer 48:46 Woe to you, Moab! The people of Chemosh are destroyed; your sons are taken into exile and your daughters into captivity.
Jer 48:47 “Yet I will restore the fortunes of Moab in days to come,” declares the LORD. Here ends the judgment on Moab.
1 The judgment of Moab, 7 for their pride, 11 for their security, 14 for their carnal confidence, 26 and for their contempt of God and his people. 47 The restoration of Moab.
Judgment on Moab
Jer 48:1 Concerning Moab: This is what the LORD Almighty, the God of Israel, says: “Woe to Nebo, for it will be ruined. Kiriathaim will be disgraced and captured; the stronghold will be disgraced and shattered.
This country occupied the tableland to the east of the Dead Sea. Its people were related to the Hebrews, being descended from Lot, the nephew of Abraham (Gen. 19:36, 37). When Israel settled in Canaan, the territory of Moab lay between the river Arnon and the brook Zered.
The tribe of Reuben occupied the country to the north. David included Moab in his empire (2 Sam. 8:2, 11, 12; 1 Chron. 18:2, 11). The northern kingdom of Israel attempted to maintain a measure of control over it (see on 2 Kings 1:1).
At the end of Ahab’s reign, when Ahaziah ascended the throne, a certain Mesha revolted against Israel and established Moab as an independent kingdom (2 Kings 3:4–27), including in his territories that which had previously been held by the tribe of Reuben. He recorded his conquests on a slab of black basalt, today known as the Moabite Stone.
This inscription was discovered in 1868 at Dibon, and is now in the Louvre at Paris (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3). Moab continued as an independent kingdom until the Westland was overwhelmed by the Assyrians in the 8th century b.c.
Chapter 48 lists several Moabite cities to come under the scourge of the Babylonians. Of the 25 places named, 21 can be reasonably identified. All but four of these places were within the territories north of the Arnon which were assigned to Israel at the time of the settlement of Canaan, and which were taken from her upon the revolt of Moab in the 9th century b.c.
In fact, Mesha lists 11 of the places mentioned in this chapter as among those he took from Israel. He claims, furthermore, to have added 100 towns to his land (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Thus Jeremiah seems particularly to describe God’s judgments upon those Moabites living in the former territory of the tribe of Reuben.
Nebo. Not to be confused with the Babylonian god (Isa. 46:1), or Mt. Nebo (Deut. 32:49). Here Nebo designates a city, as in Num. 32:38, probably lying near Mt. Nebo, east of the northern end of the Dead Sea. On the Moabite Stone, Mesha mentions taking this city from Israel (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Kiriathaim. A place about 7 mi. (11.2 km. north of the river Arnon, now known as el–Qereiyât. Mesha refers to it under the name Qiryathan and claims to have built it (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Misgab. The site of Misgab is unknown. The Hebrew word appears in Isa. 25:12, translated by the KJV as “high fort.”
Heshbon. A city 151/4 mi. (24.4 km.) east-northeast of the north end of the Dead Sea. It had been in the territory of Reuben, taken from Sihon the Amorite when Israel entered Canaan (see Num. 32:33, 37). But Jeremiah’s Heshbon was no longer in Jewish hands. Excavation of Tell Hesbân has yielded remains from the time of Jeremiah and of the early monarchy, when it was renowned for its fishpools (S. of Sol. 7:4).
Devised. Heb. chashab. There is a wordplay here, the Hebrew for Heshbon being Cheshbon. This device is a good illustration of the strong poetic tone that runs through the prophecy. Verse 2 seems to indicate that in Jeremiah’s time Heshbon was the centre of a plot against the Moabites.
Madmen. The site is uncertain, though it may be the modern Khirbet Dimneh, about 91/2 mi. (15.2 km.) east of the tongue that extends into the Dead Sea on its eastern side.
Jer 48:2 Moab will be praised no more; in Heshbon people will plot her downfall: ‘Come, let us put an end to that nation.’ You, the people of Madmen, will also be silenced; the sword will pursue you.
Jer 48:3 Cries of anguish arise from Horonaim, cries of great havoc and destruction.
Horonaim. The site of this place is unknown. It is the Hauronen that Mesha states he took from Israel at the command of Chemosh (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Jer 48:5 They go up the hill to Luhith, weeping bitterly as they go; on the road down to Horonaim anguished cries over the destruction are heard.
Going up of Luhith. Or, “ascent of Luhith.” Doubtless a road, but the location is not known. It may have led through one of the many wadies, or deep narrow riverbeds, that cut through the highlands of Moab and lead down to the Dead Sea.
Horonaim. See on v. 3.
Jer 48:6 Flee! Run for your lives; become like a bush in the desert.
Jer 48:7 Since you trust in your deeds and riches, you too will be taken captive, and Chemosh will go into exile, together with his priests and officials.
Jer 48:8 The destroyer will come against every town, and not a town will escape. The valley will be ruined and the plateau destroyed, because the LORD has spoken.
8. Valley. “The valley” and “the plain” refer to the two chief geographical features of Moabite territory, the eastern side of the Jordan valley, facing the Dead Sea, and the great plateau of Transjordan, rising nearly 4,000 feet above the valley and extending to the Arabian Desert.
Jer 48:10 “A curse on anyone who is lax in doing the LORD’s work! A curse on anyone who keeps their sword from bloodshed!
10. Cursed. The pronouncement of a curse upon any whom God has chosen as His avengers who might hold back from delivering His appointed judgments, is a poetic way of emphasizing the inevitability of the predicted events.
Jer 48:11 “Moab has been at rest from youth, like wine left on its dregs, not poured from one jar to another— she has not gone into exile. So she tastes as she did, and her aroma is unchanged.
11. Settled on his lees. Jeremiah compares Moab to wine that has never been drawn off into another container, and has thus absorbed the quality of its less, or dregs. Although their country had suffered varied political fortunes, the fact that the Moabites had never suffered deportation to a foreign land (they had “not been emptied from vessel to vessel”) may have tended to keep them from absorbing fresh views of the world and new outlooks on life. Thus their provincialism grew into a national self-content that resulted in their downfall.
Jer 48:12 But days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will send men who pour from pitchers, and they will pour her out; they will empty her pitchers and smash her jars.
12. Wanderers. Heb. ṣo‘im, “tilters,” that is, those who tilt vessels in order to pour out their contents.
Jer 48:12 But days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will send men who pour from pitchers, and they will pour her out; they will empty her pitchers and smash her jars.
Jer 48:13 Then Moab will be ashamed of Chemosh, as Israel was ashamed when they trusted in Bethel.
13. Ashamed of Chemosh. A vivid contrast with the boastful declarations of Mesha (see the inscription on the Moabite Stone, translated in the Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Ashamed of Beth-el. A reference to the idolatrous worship in the form of a calf, established by Jeroboam at Bethel, and continued generally throughout the history of the northern kingdom (see 1 Kings 12:26–29). As Israel found her idols powerless, so now Moab would find hers.
Jer 48:18 “Come down from your glory and sit on the parched ground, you inhabitants of Daughter Dibon, for the one who destroys Moab will come up against you and ruin your fortified cities.
18. Daughter that dost inhabit Dibon. That is, the inhabitants of Dibon. Compare the expressions “daughter of Egypt” (ch. 46:11), “daughter of Judah” (Lam. 1:15), “daughter of Zion” (Lam. 2:10). Dibon, the modern Dhībân, was an important city in the southern part of the territory formerly occupied by Reuben, 31/4 mi. (5.2 km.) north of the Arnon and 12 mi. (19.2 km.) east of the Dead Sea.
It lay on the great Derek ham–melek, or King’s Highway (the “high way” of Deut. 2:27), which in ancient times was the main thoroughfare running north and south through Transjordan. Dibon was a campsite of the Israelites on their way into Canaan (see Num. 33:45, 46), was later rebuilt by the tribe of Gad (Num. 32:34), and was afterward included in the territories of Reuben. On the Moabite Stone, Mesha records that Dibon was among those cities he took from Israel and added to the kingdom of Moab
Jer 48:19 Stand by the road and watch, you who live in Aroer. Ask the man fleeing and the woman escaping, ask them, ‘What has happened?’
19. Aroer. Either a town now called ‘Arâ‘ir, 31/8 mi. (5 km.) southeast of Dibon and mentioned as captured from Israel by Mesha (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3), or an unidentified site near Rabbah (Joshua 13:25); but not the Aroer of 1 Sam. 30:28.
Way. Heb. derek. Probably a reference to the King’s Highway (see on v. 18), upon which Aroer was situated. This thoroughfare was the natural route for Moabite refugees to take when fleeing the approaching Babylonians from the north. Here Jeremiah ironically calls upon the people of Aroer to go forth and behold their fellow countrymen fleeing southward along the highway before the invaders.
Jer 48:20 Moab is disgraced, for she is shattered. Wail and cry out! Announce by the Arnon that Moab is destroyed.
20. In Arnon. Or, “by the Arnon” (RSV). The Arnon was the most important river of Moab. It ran west from the plateau into the Dead Sea and marked the southern boundary of the tribe of Reuben when Israel held that territory.
Jer 48:21 Judgment has come to the plateau— to Holon, Jahzah and Mephaath,
Holon. Possibly a place near Medeba, though the exact site is unknown.
Jahazah. Though to be either the modern Jālûl or Khirbet et–Teim, near Medeba in what was formerly northern Reuben. It was here that Israel overthrew Sihon, king of the Amorites (see Num. 21:23, 24). The Moabite Stone refers to it as Jahaz and says it was the headquarters of the Israelite king during the war with Mesha. The Moabite boasts that his god, Chemosh, drove the Israelites from Jahaz (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Mephaath. Possibly the modern Tell ej–Jâwah, about 7 mi. (11.2 km.) south of Rabbath-ammon.
Jer 48:22 to Dibon, Nebo and Beth Diblathaim,
22. Dibon. See on v. 18.
Nebo. See on v. 1.
Beth-diblathaim. It is not certain whether this is identical with Almon-diblathaim, where Israel camped before entering Canaan (Num. 33:46). The latter is thought to be the modern Khirbet Deleitlât esh–Sherqîyeh in what was formerly central Reuben. Beth-diblathaim appears as Beth–diblathen on the Moabite Stone, where Mesha claims to have built it (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3). Khirbet Deleilât esh–Sherqîyeh is about 7 mi. (11.2 km.) south of Medeba.
Jer 48:23 to Kiriathaim, Beth Gamul and Beth Meon,
23. Kiriathaim. See on v. 1.
Beth-gamul. The modern Khirbet ej–Jumeil, about 7 mi. (11.2 km.) east-southeast of Dibon, in what was formerly southern Reuben.
Beth-meon. This is now known as Ma‘în, about 41/2 mi. (7.2 km. southwest of Medeba. It is identical with Baal-meon, which the people of Reuben built (see Num. 32:37, 38), and also Beth-baal-meon (in Joshua 13:15–21). Mesha refers to it in the Moabite Stone by both of these latter names and says that he built (meaning rebuilt) the city (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3). The extent of its present-day ruins indicates that it must have been a place of importance. Ezekiel classes it with two other cities as “the glory of the country” of Moab (Eze. 25:9). A possible reason for the variety of its names is suggested by the statement that the people of Reuben changed its name (see Num. 32:38). Evidently the change was from the heathen Baal-meon, literally, “Baal of habitation,” to Beth-meon, literally, “house of habitaion.” Thereafter the old name and the new seem sometimes to have been fused into Beth-baal-meon, literally, “house of the Baal of habitation.”
Jer 48:24 to Kerioth and Bozrah— to all the towns of Moab, far and near.
24. Kerioth. This place has not been identified. It is mentioned on the Moabite Stone as the town to which Mesha brought Orel, the Israelite commander of Ataroth, “dragging him before Kemosh in Kerioth” (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3).
Bozrah. Probably the town of Beṣer mentioned as rebuilt by Mesha (see Additional Note on 2 Kings 3). The location is unknown. The city is to be distinguished from the Bozrah of Isa. 63:1 and Jer. 49:13, which was in Edom.
Jer 48:25 Moab’s horn is cut off; her arm is broken,” declares the LORD.
25. Horn. A symbol of strength. See on Lam. 2:3.
Jer 48:27 Was not Israel the object of your ridicule? Was she caught among thieves, that you shake your head in scorn whenever you speak of her?
27. Found among thieves. To be detected as a thief is presented as a reason for great shame (see ch. 2:26). Here the prophet employs the same thought as a rhetorical question, presumably to emphasize the unreasonableness of Moab’s having despised Israel.
Jer 48:30 I know her insolence but it is futile,” declares the LORD, “and her boasts accomplish nothing.
30. I know. This clause is emphatically expressed in the Hebrew. It is a powerful reassurance to downtrodden, despised Israel that the Lord knows the truth in spite of men’s pride and boasting, which Israel has heard (v. 29).
Jer 48:31 Therefore I wail over Moab, for all Moab I cry out, I moan for the people of Kir Hareseth.
31. Kir-heres. Believed to be the same as the Kir-haraseth of 2 Kings 3:25 and the Kir-hareseth of Isa. 16:7, the modern el–Kerak in southern Moab. After referring to cities that had previously belonged to Israel, Jeremiah mentions a place in Moab proper. Kir-heres was one of the most important cities of Moab. Here Mesha took refuge from Israelite besiegers, and sacrificed his eldest son as a burnt offering upon the walls of the city (see 2 Kings 3:25–27).
Jer 48:32 I weep for you, as Jazer weeps, you vines of Sibmah. Your branches spread as far as the sea; they reached as far as Jazer. The destroyer has fallen on your ripened fruit and grapes.
32. Sibmah. A place near Heshbon, but the exact site is unknown. The locality was noted for its vineyards.
Jazer. The location is uncertain, but is believed to have been west or northwest of Rabbath-ammon. It may be mentioned here to point out how far north the Moabite conquests had penetrated into Israel.
Jer 48:32 I weep for you, as Jazer weeps, you vines of Sibmah. Your branches spread as far as the sea; they reached as far as Jazer. The destroyer has fallen on your ripened fruit and grapes.
Jer 48:33 Joy and gladness are gone from the orchards and fields of Moab. I have stopped the flow of wine from the presses; no one treads them with shouts of joy. Although there are shouts, they are not shouts of joy.
33. Shouting. The joyous shouting at the time of harvest, when the grapes were trodden in the wine press.
Jer 48:32 I weep for you, as Jazer weeps, you vines of Sibmah. Your branches spread as far as the sea; they reached as far as Jazer. The destroyer has fallen on your ripened fruit and grapes.
Jer 48:34 “The sound of their cry rises from Heshbon to Elealeh and Jahaz, from Zoar as far as Horonaim and Eglath Shelishiyah, for even the waters of Nimrim are dried up.
34. Elealeh. The modern el–‘Al, near Heshbon.
Jahaz. See on v. 21.
Zoar. A place in southern Moab, either near the shore, or now covered by the southeastern end of the Dead Sea.
Horonaim. See on v. 3.
Waters also of Nimrim. The Wâdī en–Numeirah, a watercourse leading into the southeastern end of the Dead Sea. The prophet pictures a cry of anguish ringing back and forth through both the northern and the southern part of Moabite territory, thus including the whole land (see Isa. 15:6).
Jer 48:35 In Moab I will put an end to those who make offerings on the high places and burn incense to their gods,” declares the LORD.
35. High places. Heb. bamah. This term was originally used for a hill or mountain upon which worship was conducted. Later the word was used for artificial mounds, or platforms, and finally also for chapels where the gods were worshiped. A bamah discovered at Gezer revealed a series of subterranean caves, in which were found an altar and the bones of men, women, and children, and of various animals. Solomon erected a bamah to the Moabite god Chemosh near Jerusalem (see 1 Kings 11:7). The kings of Israel built bamoth in all their cities (see 2 Kings 17:9). These shrines were common also in Judah (see 1 Kings 22:43; 2 Kings 15:35; 16:4). They were destroyed in Judah by both Hezekiah (see 2 Kings 18:4) and Josiah (see 2 Kings 23:5). In the reform under Josiah, Jeremiah played a leading role.
Jer 48:36 “So my heart laments for Moab like the music of a pipe; it laments like a pipe for the people of Kir Hareseth. The wealth they acquired is gone.
36. Pipes. Heb. chalilim, literally, “the pierced ones.” These instruments were double flutes or oboes. The pipes were played in pairs, with the ends held apart, each hand fingering a separate pipe and thus producing separate tones. They were used particularly for rejoicing and mourning. It is the latter use to which Jeremiah doubtless has reference here.
Jer 48:37 Every head is shaved and every beard cut off; every hand is slashed and every waist is covered with sackcloth.
37. Every head. Shaving the head and beard and making gashes upon the body were common signs of mourning among ancient peoples (see Isa. 15:2, 3; Jer. 16:6).
Jer 48:38 On all the roofs in Moab and in the public squares there is nothing but mourning, for I have broken Moab like a jar that no one wants,” declares the LORD.
Jer 48:40 This is what the LORD says: “Look! An eagle is swooping down, spreading its wings over Moab.
40. As an eagle. A reference to the Babylonians (cf. Eze. 17:3–7).
Jer 48:41 Kerioth will be captured and the strongholds taken. In that day the hearts of Moab’s warriors will be like the heart of a woman in labor.
41. Kerioth. See on v. 24.
Jer 48:42 Moab will be destroyed as a nation because she defied the LORD.
42. Shall be destroyed. With the Babylonian exile, the Moabites practically disappeared as a people.
Jer 48:43 Terror and pit and snare await you, you people of Moab,” declares the LORD.
43. Fear, and the pit, and the snare. Heb. pachad wapachath wapach, a striking example of alliteration, demonstrating the poetic nature of Jeremiah’s utterance (see Lam. 3:47).
Jer 48:44 “Whoever flees from the terror will fall into a pit, whoever climbs out of the pit will be caught in a snare; for I will bring on Moab the year of her punishment,” declares the LORD.
44. Visitation. See on ch. 46:21.
Jer 48:45 “In the shadow of Heshbon the fugitives stand helpless, for a fire has gone out from Heshbon, a blaze from the midst of Sihon; it burns the foreheads of Moab, the skulls of the noisy boasters.
45. Heshbon. See on v. 2.
Sihon. Compare Num. 21:28. Sihon, king of the Amorites, had taken from Moab the territory north of the river Arnon which was occupied by Reuben (see on Judges 11:19) and later reconquered by Moab (see on 2 Kings 3:5; see also Vol. II, pp. 864, 865). That area is here referred to by Sihon’s name.
Tumultuous ones. Literally, “sons of tumult.” A reference to the Moabites (see Amos 2:2).
Jer 48:46 Woe to you, Moab! The people of Chemosh are destroyed; your sons are taken into exile and your daughters into captivity.
46. Chemosh. The god of the Moabites (see v. 7).
Jer 48:47 “Yet I will restore the fortunes of Moab in days to come,” declares the LORD. Here ends the judgment on Moab.
47. Bring again. A promise of hope, doubtless conditional (ch. 18:9, 10).